Photoelectron spectrum (PES) of sodium

An example figure from the Photoelectron Spectrum generator.

The photoelectron spectrum of sodium: four peaks labeled 1s², 2s², 2p⁶ and 3s¹, binding energy in MJ/mol decreasing from left to right on a logarithmic axis
The photoelectron spectrum of a sodium atom, as in AP Chemistry: one peak for each sublevel, labeled 1s², 2s², 2p⁶ and 3s¹, each as tall as its number of electrons, so the 2p peak is three times as tall as the 1s. Binding energy in MJ/mol falls from left to right on a logarithmic axis, so the tightly held 1s electrons are at the far left and the single valence 3s electron at the far right.

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Answer key

  • Sodium (Na): 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹
  • Peaks (MJ/mol, left to right): 1s 104, 2s 6.84, 2p 3.67, 3s 0.50

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